55 terms

AGPL
Affero GPL (network copyleft): offering a modified version over a network can trigger an obligation to provide its source.
AI Act
EU AI Act (Regulation (EU) 2024/1689): the EU's comprehensive AI law. It is commonly described as four risk tiers, but that is the Commission's explanatory model, not a statutory taxonomy: the Regulation is structured as Art.5 (prohibitions), Art.6 + Annex III (high-risk), Art.50 (transparency duties, entry into application 2026-08-02) and Chapter V (general-purpose AI models).
AWS
Amazon Web Services: a cloud provider that rents compute and managed services.
BSL
Business Source License: a source-available, OSI-non-approved license (e.g., Terraform).
BY
Attribution (a Creative Commons license element): you must credit the author.
CC0
A public-domain dedication that waives copyright (note: it does not waive or grant patent rights).
CDK
Cloud Development Kit: define infrastructure in a general-purpose programming language and synthesize it into templates (e.g., AWS CDK).
CDN
Content Delivery Network: servers distributed worldwide that deliver content from a location near the user.
CI
Continuous integration: automatically building and testing code changes.
CLOUD Act
A 2018 US statute compelling US communication/cloud providers to disclose data even when stored outside the US (18 U.S.C. §2713).
DB
Database: a system for storing, searching, and managing data.
DNS
Domain Name System: translates domain names into IP addresses (the internet's address lookup).
DPA
Data Protection Authority (by context also Data Processing Agreement).
DSL
Domain-Specific Language: a language designed for a specific purpose (e.g., a language for describing infrastructure config).
DSM
EU Digital Single Market Copyright Directive (2019/790).
ELv2
Elastic License v2: a source-available license from Elastic.
FDE
Full-Disk Encryption: encrypts the entire disk so data stays unreadable if the device is lost or stolen.
FISA
Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act; its Section 702 (50 U.S.C. §1881a) authorizes compelling US companies to hand over communications of non-US persons abroad.
GDPR
General Data Protection Regulation: the EU rule governing the handling of personal data of people in the EU.
GitHub
A platform for hosting source code and collaborating on it; much OSS is published there.
GPL
GNU General Public License: whole-work copyleft; when you distribute a derivative work, its full source must be made available to recipients under the GPL.
HSM
Hardware Security Module: dedicated hardware that generates and holds keys and never lets them leave in plaintext.
IDS
Intrusion Detection System: detects and alerts on malicious traffic, without blocking.
IPS
Intrusion Prevention System: detects and automatically blocks malicious traffic.
ISMAP
ISMAP (Information system Security Management and Assessment Program): Japan's program for assessing and registering cloud services for government use.
Issue
A unit on GitHub for filing and tracking a task, request, or intake one at a time.
KMS
Key Management Service: a managed service that stores, issues, and audits encryption keys (AWS KMS / Azure Key Vault / Google Cloud KMS).
LGPL
Lesser GPL (weak copyleft): with dynamic linking the obligation is limited and your own code can stay under its own license.
MFA
Multi-factor authentication: confirming identity with a factor beyond your password.
MLAT
Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty: the proper—but slow—route for a foreign government to obtain data from US providers.
MPL
Mozilla Public License: file-level (limited) copyleft; obligations apply per modified file.
NC
NonCommercial (a Creative Commons license element): forbids use primarily intended for commercial advantage or monetary compensation, judged by the nature of the use.
ND
NoDerivatives (a Creative Commons license element): forbids distributing modified versions (derivatives).
ngrok
a tunnel that temporarily exposes your local PC to the internet (free tier available).
NSL
National Security Letter: an FBI administrative order (18 U.S.C. §2709) for subscriber/transactional records without a court order, often with a gag order.
OSI
Open Source Initiative: the non-profit that maintains the Open Source Definition and certifies whether a license is open source.
OSS
Open Source Software: source code is published and anyone may use, modify, and redistribute it within the license terms.
PD
Public domain: works whose copyright has expired or been waived, free for anyone to use.
PoC
Proof of Concept: a small trial to confirm technical viability before full adoption.
robots.txt
A file at a site's root that tells crawlers, per User-Agent, which pages they may fetch (standardized as RFC 9309).
SA
ShareAlike (a Creative Commons license element): adaptations must be released under the same license.
SaaS
Software as a Service: software used over the network as a service rather than installed locally.
SBOM
Software Bill of Materials: an inventory of the parts (dependencies, including transitive ones) a piece of software uses.
SMS
Short Message Service: text messages sent to a phone number; sometimes used for verification codes, though weak against number takeover.
SPDX
An industry-standard short identifier that uniquely names a license (e.g., MIT / Apache-2.0).
SSPL
Server Side Public License: offering the software as a service requires disclosing the service source (including the management UI and storage); OSI-non-approved.
TDE
Transparent Data Encryption: the database automatically encrypts its stored files; the app uses it with no code changes.
TLS
Transport Layer Security: encrypts traffic; what `https://` relies on.
ToS
Terms of Service: the contract between the provider and you — what you may use it for and how inputs and outputs are handled.
transitive dependencies
Indirect dependencies: libraries that your direct dependencies themselves rely on.
VLAN
Virtual LAN: logically segments a single physical network without changing the wiring.
VPN
Virtual Private Network: an encrypted tunnel over a public network for secure remote access to a private network.
VPS
A virtual server rented in the cloud (from a few dollars/month) to keep your own tool always on.
WAF
Web Application Firewall: detects and blocks web-app attacks (e.g., SQL injection).
XSS
Cross-Site Scripting: injecting malicious scripts into a web page so they run in a visitor's browser.